Topological Structure and Biomechanics of Three-Dimensional Printed Height Increasing Insoles for Leg Length Discrepancy / 医用生物力学

Objective To study topological structure of a new type of three-dimensional (3D) printed height increasing insoles for leg length discrepancy (LLD) and its effect on biomechanics of lower limbs. Methods Topological structure for middle and rear part of the insole was optimized by solid isotropic microstructures with penalization (SIMP), the force was loaded and the boundary conditions were set according to force area of the insole, and the height increasing insole with thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) materials was printed by selected laser sintering (SLS). The insoles were used in 9 patients with LLD, visual analogue scale (VAS) and Maryland foot function scores were used to compare pain and foot function changes of patients before and after using the insole, and the 3D gait analysis system was used to compare spatiotemporal parameters and vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) of both lower limbs. Result sAfter the patient wore 3D printed insole, VAS scores decreased, Maryland foot function scores increased, vGRF of both lower limbs decreased, and the difference of cadence, stance phase and swing phase in both lower limbs decreased. Conclusions The 3D printed height increasing insole after topology optimization can improve coordination of lower limb movement, reduce ground impact, relieve pain and improve foot function, thus providing an effective personalized orthopedic plan for LLD treatment in clinic.

Role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in the development and progression of breast cancer / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Recent studies have shown that tumor microenvironment (TME) is significantly different from normal tissues, such as the change of abnormal enzyme expression, hypoxia, pH and so on. TME is closely related to the induced proliferation of tumor cells, angiogenesis, immune escape and the production of multidrug resistance. Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the main stromal cell types in the TME. A variety of cytokines secreted by CAFs play an important role in tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. Understanding the role and mechanism of CAFs in the development of breast cancer is expected to provide a new target for improving the prognosis of breast cancer patients.

Impact of particle size and pH on protein corona formation of solid lipid nanoparticles: A proof-of-concept study

When nanoparticles were introduced into the biological media, the protein corona would be formed, which endowed the nanoparticles with new bio-identities. Thus, controlling protein corona formation is critical to

Retrospective study on treatment of intrathoracic fistula after esophageal cancer surgery / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective:By comparing the clinical outcome of the modified triple tube method and the traditional three-tube method in the treatment of thoracic internal fistula after esophageal cancer surgery, in order to provide a basis for the clinical treatment of thoracic fistula after esophageal cancer surgery.Methods:The traditional three-tube method for the treatment of thoracic fistula after esophageal cancer surgery was the traditional group, and the modified three-tube method was the modified group. There was no spillover of the contrast agent during the above gastrointestinal angiography and the patient could eat normally as the standard of cure. In this study, we collected the data of thoracic fistula patients after esophageal cancer surgery who were treated with two kinds of treatment methods in our hospital in different time period(the traditional group: 10 patients from February 2008 to June 2014; the modified group: 36 patients from January 2012 to December 2019). Retrospective analysis of the two groups of patients in terms of general data(sex, age, etiology and other factors), time to cure and other indicators, compare the pros and cons of these two methods in the treatment of postoperative thoracic fistula.Results:There was no significant difference in general data such as sex, age, and cure time between the two groups, but there was significant difference in the cure time( P<0.01). The average cure time of the modified group was(38.08±11.97) days, which was significantly better than that of the traditional group(95.60 ± 7.79) days. Conclusion:Compared with the traditional three-tube method, the modified three-tube method can significantly shorten the treatment time when treating patients with thoracic fistula after esophageal cancer surgery.

Relatioship between childhood witnessing domestic violence and injury and violence of college students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the prevalence of witnessing domestic violence,and to explore the relationship between witness domestic violence in childhood and college students’ injury and violence behaviors.@*Methods@#In October 2018, self-made questionnaire on “Health and Risky Behaviors among University Students in Anhui Province” was conducted among 4 034 college students from 4 universities in Hefei. Multivariate Logistic regression models (control of confounding factors) were used to explore the impact of childhood witnessing domestic violence on college students’ injury and violence.@*Results@#Among 4 034 college students,the prevalence of witnessing domestic emotional violence,mild physical violence and severe physical violence in childhood was 27.6%,22.4%,10.7%,respectively. Univariate analysis showed that students with experiences of witness domestic emotional violence,mild physical violence and severe physical violence had higher rates of self-injury,physical,emotional,and sexual violence compared to those without domestic violence witness(P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that witnessing domestic severe physical violence,emotional violence in childhood associated positively with self-harm (OR=1.53,95%CI=1.05-2.23; OR=2.15,95%CI=1.51-3.04) and emotional violence (OR=1.65,95%CI=1.16-2.35; OR=2.57,95%CI=1.87-3.53). Witnessing domestic severe physical violence showed positive association with physical violence (OR=4.99,95%CI=2.58-9.62) and sexual violence (OR=8.68,95%CI=3.30-22.81) among college students (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The experiences of witness domestic violence can increases the risk of college student’s injury and violence behaviors,especially witness domestic severe physical violence.

Catalysis of enzymes under industrial environment and their adaptive modifications: a review / 生物工程学报

Enzymes have a wide range of applications and great industrial potential. However, large-scale applications of enzymes are restricted by the harsh industrial environment, such as high temperature, strong acid/alkali, high salt, organic solvents, and high substrate concentration. Adaptive modification (such as rational or semi-rational design, directed evolution and immobilization) is the most common strategy to improve the catalysis of enzymes under industrial conditions. Here, we review the catalysis of enzymes in the industrial environment and various methods adopted for the adaptive modifications in recent years, to provide reference for the adaptive modifications of enzymes.

Application of magnetic resonance neuronavigation assistance in neurosurgical clipping of pericallosal aneurysms / 中国脑血管病杂志

Objective To investigate the safety and clinical efficacy of magnetic resonance neuronavigation assisted technique in neurosurgical clipping of pericallosal aneurysms. Methods From January 2010 to January 2017,40 consecutive patients with pericallosal aneurysm treated with neurosurgical clipping at the Department of Neurosurgery,the 175th Hospital of PLA were enrolled retrospectively. They were diagnosed by CT angiography (CTA),magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)or digital subtraction angiography (DSA)before operation. According to the different surgical methods,40 patients were divided into either a routine surgical group (n＝18)or a neuronavigation assistance group (n＝22). On the basis of the conventional longitudinal fissure approach,the neuronavigation assistance group was treated with the magnetic resonance neuronavigation technique. The aneurysms and upper drainage vein,design incision and surgical approaches were accurately located. The operation time,surgical complications (edema or infarction after drainage vein injury and secondary bleeding in the operated area)and proportion of good prognosis (the modified Rankin scale [mRS]score ＜3)were compared. Results (1)Under the microscope,40 patients underwent clipping of pericallosal aneurysms via longitudinal fissure approach. Postoperative CTA or DSA confirmed that they were all completed clipped. The operation time of the neuronavigation assistance group were shorter than that of the routine surgical group (2. 5 ± 0. 5 h vs. 3. 5 ± 0. 4 h,t＝1. 254),and the proportion of edema or venous infarction was less than that of the routine surgical group (4. 5%[1／22]vs. 6／18). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (all P＜0. 05);there were no significant differences in the incidences of accidental rupture and secondary hemorrhage between the two groups (all P＞0. 05). (2)Both groups of patients completed the 6-month follow-up. There were 12 patients (12／18)with good prognosis in the routine surgery group and 20 (90. 9%)with good prognosis in the neuronavigation assistance group. There was no significant difference in the proportion of good prognosis between the two groups (χ2＝3. 545,P＞0. 05). Conclusions The use of magnetic resonance neuronavigation assisted technique helps the precise intraoperative positioning of the lesions and surgical approach optimization,thereby effectively implementing brain protection,reducing the risk of microsurgery, and improving the accuracy and safety of the surgery. It is an effective auxiliary means of neurosurgical clipping of pericallosal aneurysms.

Analysis of Influential Factors of ADR Occurred in Patients of Geriatrics Department in Our Hospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influential factors of adverse drug reaction(ADR)in elderly patients during medi-cation,and to provide reference for reducing the incidence of ADR in geriatrics department. METHODS:The clinical data of elder-ly patients admitted to our hospital from Jan. 2011 to Dec. 2015 were collected and analyzed by single factor and unconditional Loigstic multiple regression analysis. The risk influential factors of ADR were investigated. RESULTS:A total of 1 680 patients re-ceived drug therapy,and the incidence of ADR was 7.92%(133/1 680). Organs/systems involved in ADR were mainly allergic re-action(49 cases,36.84%)and digestive system(48 cases,36.09%). The results of single factor analysis showed that the age of patients,drug dosage,route of administration,treatment course,the type numbers of drug combination and others were the inde-pendent influential factors of ADR. By unconditional Loigstic multiple regression analysis,it was found that the risk of ADR in-creased with the drug dosage,treatment course,intraverous administration and various drugs use,etc. CONCLUSIONS:It is nec-essary to pay attention to ADR monitoring,particularly risk factors monitoring of ADR in the elderly patients,strengthen medica-tion guidance to improve medication compliance,take the necessary preventive measures to reduce the incidence of ADR.

Effect of umbilical cord blood dendritic cells induced by gastric cancer antigen combined with CIK cells in gastric cancer cell lines SGC-7901 / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of umbilical cord blood dendritic cells(DCs)induced by gastric cancer antigen combined with cytokine induced killer(CIK)cells in gastric cancer cell lines SGC-7901 in vitro. Methods Mononuclear cells from umbilical cord blood were used to create DCs and CIKs. The cell surface antigen expression of the mature DCs such as CD83,CD86,CD11c and the cell surface antigen of CIKs such as CD3,CD56,CD4,CD8,CD16 were detected using flow cytometry. Sensitized DCs-CIKs,DCs-CIKs,CIKs as effective cells,and SGC-7901 as target cells,the killing activities of these effective cells were tested with LDH release,which the number ratio of cells between effective cells and SGC-7901 cells were 10 :1,20 : 1,40 : 1,respectively. Results The cell surface antigen expressions of the mature DCs,such as CD83 + CD86 + ,CD11c + CD83 + ,CD86 + CD11c + were(75. 4 ± 2. 1)% ,(79. 3 ± 1. 4)% ,(80. 2 ± 2. 6)% , respectively. The mature sensitive-DCs surface antigen expressions,such as CD83 + CD86 + ,CD11c + CD83 + , CD86 + CD11c + ,were(77. 7 ± 1. 5)% ,(82. 6 ± 1. 9)% ,(76. 9 ± 2. 6)% ,respectively. There was no sta-tistical significance about the surface antigen expression between DCs and sensitive-DCs(t = 1. 526,P ﹥ 0. 05;t = 0. 958,P ﹥ 0. 05;t = 1. 049,P ﹥ 0. 05). The CIKs surface antigen expressions,such as CD4 + ,CD8 + , CD3 + CD56 + CD16 + ,were(22. 8 ± 1. 3)% ,(77. 3 ± 1. 8)% ,(24. 5 ± 2. 1)% ,respectively. The results suggested that the killing effect of the three kinds of combination cells on gastric cancer cells was different. The number ratio of cells between sensitive-DCs and SGC-7901 cells were 10 : 1,20 : 1,40 : 1,which the killing activities of sensitive-DCs-CIKs against SGC-7901 were(37. 68 ± 1. 49)% ,(41. 67 ± 0. 90)% ,(42. 71 ± 0. 98)% ,respectively. The killing activity of sensitive-DCs-CIKs was the highest when the ratio of cells between sensitive-DCs and SGC-7901 cells were 40 : 1. The killing activities of DC-CIKs were(36. 77 ± 0. 46)% ,(38. 94 ± 0. 95)% ,(41. 15 ± 0. 89)% ,respectively. The killing activities of CIKs were(34. 74 ± 1. 01)% ,(37. 76 ± 0. 43)% ,(39. 65 ± 0. 79)% ,respectively. There were statistically significant differences among the three groups(F = 5. 92,P ﹤ 0. 05;F = 19. 13,P ﹤ 0. 05;F = 8. 88,P ﹤ 0. 05). Conclusion The tumor killing activity of CIK is enhanced obviously by umbilical cord blood DCs which is sensitized by gastric cancer tumor antigen. There is the highest killing activity when the number ratio of cells between sensitive-DC-CIK and SGC-7901 cells is 40 : 1.

The diagnostic value of antibodies in synovial fluid for rheumatoid arthritis / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective To study the concentration of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (CCP),rheumatoid factor (RF),immunoglobulin (Ig) in synovial fluid and serum of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA),and the positive rate of anti-keratin antibodies (AKA) and anti-perinuclear factor (APF) were also measured.The aim was to explore the diagnostic value of these antibodies in synovial fluid for RA.Methods Thirty RA patients were collected,synovial fluid were withdrawn from the inflamed joints and peripheral blood were collected at the same time.Anti-CCP antibody,AKA,APF and RF were measured.The cut-off value of CCP in synovial fluid was determined through operating characteristic curve (ROC curves) analysis.The antibody levels in serum and synovial fluid were compared.Statistical analyses were performed using t test,and Pearson's correlation test.Results The cutoff value of CCP in RA synovial was higher,which was 29.00 U/ml,with the sensitivity of 87.00％ and specificity of 94.10％.There were significant differences in the concentration among anti-CCP antibody [(326±313) U/ml,(496±454) U/ml,t=-2.399,P＜0.05],IgG [(57±39) mg/L,(173±86) mg/L,t=-7.4792,P＜0.05),RF [(53±36) U/ml,(149±104) U/ml,t=-2.402,P＜0.05] in synovial and blood serum respectively in RA patients.Conchsion The diagnosis of RA is enhanced if anti-CCP antibodies,RF and IgG in synovial fluid are examined.They are supplementary to RA diagnosis and are helpful for clinical practice,especially for patient with very recent-onset RA.

Effectiveness of L5 pedicle screw insertion with a minimally invasive method / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:In clinical application, the structure of crista lambdoidalis of L5 was unclear. It needs to expose more tissue to define L5 entry point through transverse process or superior and inferior articular process. This increased the risk of trauma and iatrogenic superior intervertebral degeneration. Therefore, it is necessary to expose L5 entry point with a minimaly invasive way. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the accuracy of L5 pedicle screw insertion with the entry point of mastoid process slope by imaging. METHODS:Mastoid process was located on the base of L5 superior articular process. A cant was formed when the highest point of L5 mastoid process backward protuberance extended inwards and downwards. The cant was defined as mastoid process slope; it was lateral to pedicle medial superior side internaly, medial to transverse process root and superior to the top of crista lambdoidalis. The slope was first easily touched and exposed in lumbar posterior surgery through paraspinal muscle space approach. Fifty patients of lumbar spine disorders were treated by L5 pedicle screws fixation through the entry point of mastoid process slope. According to preoperative radiographic and CT images, pedicle screw insertion direction of the sagittal and transverse sections was calculated. The diameter of pedicle screw was 6.5 mm. The condition of intraoperative successful rate of screws placement at one time was analyzed. The accuracy of screw placement was evaluated by postoperative radiographic and CT images. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:With the method of the mastoid process slope, the successful rate of screw placement at one time was 96% (96/100). Totaly 100 screws were inserted into L5. According to the criterion by Gertzbein, 95 screws (95%) totaly located in pedicles and 5 screws (5%) encroached on the pedicle from medial wal. Three (3%) out of 5 inaccurately placed screws cut out less than 2 mm of the inner wal, while 2 (2%) between 2 mm and 4 mm, without neurologic deficits. The method of mastoid process slope had a high successful rate of screw placement. Combined with preoperative X-ray films and CT images could obtain a high accuracy rate of screw insertion.

Circulating tumor cell detection technology and its appfication in non-small cell lung cancer / 国际肿瘤学杂志

As a useful supplement for TNM staging system of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),circulating tumor cell (CTC) can better reflect the comprehensive condition of the patient.CTC plays an important potential role in monitoring curative effect of lung cancer,and has the effect of real-time detection.With the development of the CTC detection method and the improvement of sensitivity and specificity,clinical studies about CTC will provide more help for prognosis evaluation.

Assessment of CIK cells in adoptive cellular therapy / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells therapy plays an important role in cancer adjuvant treatment.Researches show that the number of peripheral blood immunocytes will change if patients with cancer accept the treatment of CIK cells.The changes of T cell subsets,regulatory T cells are relatively obvious,which may be one of the standards that can evaluate the curative effect of CIK cells.

Detection of intracranial aneurysms with dual-source CT angiography:comparison with digital subtraction angiography / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of dual-source CT angiography (DSCTA) for intracranial aneurysms.Methods The data of DSCTA and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were collected from 95 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).The efficacies of detection and description of morphologic features of intracranial aneurysms were analyzed retrospectively.Results A total of 117 aneurysms in 88 patients were detected with DSCTA.Two patients were suspected of having aneurysms,and no aneurysrms were detected in 5 patients.These patients were reexamined with DSA,4 were diagnosed as having aneurysm,and the aneurysms were not detected in 3 patients.DSA results were considered as gold standard,the specificity,sensitivity and accuracy of DSCTA for the detection of intracranial aneurysms were 100％,96.7％and 96.8％,respectively.The larger volume of intracranial aneurysm was,the higher the sensitivity of DSCTA diagnosis would be.Even for small aneurysms,the sensitivity of DSCTA diagnose was more than 90％.In addition,tmeasurement results of the maximum diameter and neck width of aneurysms measured by DSCTA were almost consistent with DSA.Condclusions SCTA is a non-invasive,quick,reliable,and effective method,and can provide accurate imaging information for surgery.The specificity and sensitivity of the diagnosis of aneurysms with DSCTA are almost the same with DSA.It has more advantages than DSA in the emergency operation of intracranial aneurysms.

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH WITH PCR AND DNA HYBRIDIZATION TECHNIQUE IN DETECTION AND DIAGNOSIS OF ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To explore the application of PCR in detection and diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus and develop a diagnostic technique by DNA hybridization labeled with DIG.Methods A pair of primers were designed according to Echinococcus granulosus gene fragment sequence, and the special primers were as: P1 5′-GGAATGGAGAGAAGTTAC-3′ P2 5′-GCAACCTCCGGAACTTGC-3′. The hydatid fluid, secondary hydatid and protoscolex of Echinococcus granulosus were used as template, 417 bp special band was got after being amplified by PCR. The PCR product was purified and labeled with DIG. The special DNA probe was successfully got and was used to detect the Echinococcus granulosus. Results The DNA from Escherichia coli, Shigella, Tubercle, Cysticercus granulosus and healthy human leukocyte were extended by PCR and hybrided by DNA probe labeled with DIG, and only Cysticercus granulosus expressed 471 bp special band. The sensitivity of PCR was that one Cysticercus granulosus can be detected or 100-10 fg DNA, while the dot hybridization was 2500 fg. Heterologous DNA did not be positive reaction, even increasing the spotting membrane dosages. Conclusion The technique of PCR labeled with DIG showed good specificity, high sensitivity, more accuracy and quickness and so it can provide scientific basis for early diagnosis and epidemiological investigation of Echinococcus granulosusEXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH WITH PCR AND DNA HYBRIDIZATION TECHNIQUE IN DETECTION AND DIAGNOSIS OF ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS$$$$ Feng Xiaomei, Ji Hugang, Cao Yinfang, Wang Wenhao (Department of Clinical Laboratory, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital, Huhhot 010017, China) Abstract Objective To explore the application of PCR in detection and diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus and develop a diagnostic technique by DNA hybridization labeled with DIG.Methods A pair of primers were designed according to Echinococcus granulosus gene fragment sequence, and the special primers were as: P1 5′-GGAATGGAGAGAAGTTAC-3′ P2 5′-GCAACCTCCGGAACTTGC-3′. The hydatid fluid, secondary hydatid and protoscolex of Echinococcus granulosus were used as template, 417 bp special band was got after being amplified by PCR. The PCR product was purified and labeled with DIG. The special DNA probe was successfully got and was used to detect the Echinococcus granulosus. Results The DNA from Escherichia coli, Shigella, Tubercle, Cysticercus granulosus and healthy human leukocyte were extended by PCR and hybrided by DNA probe labeled with DIG, and only Cysticercus granulosus expressed 471 bp special band. The sensitivity of PCR was that one Cysticercus granulosus can be detected or 100-10 fg DNA, while the dot hybridization was 2500 fg. Heterologous DNA did not be positive reaction, even increasing the spotting membrane dosages. Conclusion The technique of PCR labeled with DIG showed good specificity, high sensitivity, more accuracy and quickness and so it can provide scientific basis for early diagnosis and epidemiological investigation of Echinococcus granulosus[infections.